Durru shehvar (1914–2006) was the daughter
of Abdulmejid II of the Ottoman dynasty, who was the last heir apparent to the
Ottoman Imperial throne and the last Caliph of the Ottoman Caliphate.
The princess was ten years old when her
family was banished from Turkey under the Ataturk reforms, following which
they settled in Nice, France.
Durru Shehvar, the elder daughter-in-law of
the Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan. She was born in Turkey, brought up
in France but married to the son of the world’s richest man, the Nizam of
Hyderabad.
The dawn of the 20th century was
a very turbulent time for Europe. Think of the Russian Revolution, the First
World War, and the infamous 1918 “Spanish Flu” pandemic.
Turkey, too, was going through all kinds of
upheavals in those days, culminating in the ratification of a new Turkish Constitution
in 1924, which spelled the end of the Ottoman dynasty as well as its Caliphate.
The entire imperial family was forced to leave the country at less than a day’s
notice.
The princess was ten years old when her
family was banished from Turkey under the Ataturk reforms, following which
they settled in Nice, France.
She held the titles of Princess of Berar
through marriage, and Imperial Princess of the Ottoman Empire by birth before
the monarchy’s abolition in 1922.
Marriage
of Durru Shehvar Prince Azam Jah (1907–1970), the eldest son
and heir of the last Nizam of Hyderabad State.
When the crown prince of Hyderabad, Azam
Jah, came of age, the Nizam started looking for a suitable bride for his heir.
Princess Durru Shehvar was the prime candidate. She had the striking looks and
bearing of someone born to be queen. Her ancestry was impeccable and, most importantly,
through her bloodline.
Persuaded
by Maulana Shaukath Ali and his brother, Maulana Mohammad Ali, Nizam Mir Osman
Ali Khan decided to send a life-time monthly pension of 300 pounds to the
deposed Caliph, and allowances to several individuals in the family.
When
Durru Shehvar, came of age, she was sought in marriage by several Muslim Royals
including the Shah of Persia and the King of Egypt for their heirs.
Shaukat
Ali prevailed on the Nizam to send a proposal to the Caliph asking for Durru
Shever’s hand for his elder son, Prince Azam Jah. The deposed Caliph could
hardly reject the offer from his benefactor.
But it was not that easy; the
Mehr (the bride money) of 50,000 pounds that the Caliph demanded for his
daughter was “too big”, the Nizam felt. But with the intervention of Shaukat Ali, the Caliph proposed to offer for the same Mehr, the hand of his brother’s
daughter Niloufer, for the Nizam’s younger son, Prince Mauzam Jah. The Nizam
readily agreed and sent his two sons to France.
The marriage of Princess Durru Shehvar with
Prince Azam Jah, along with that of Prince Mauzam and Niloufer took place in
Nice, in France, on 12 November, 1931, in a simple ceremony attended by only a
simple affair with only the members of Sultan’s family at Nice, a few Turkish
nobles and friends.
As well as representatives of the Nizam —
Sir Akbar Hydari and Nawab Mehdi Yar Jung, who happened to be in Europe at that
time to attend the Round Table Conference. The Khalifa himself performed the
ceremonies. All the offices and educational institutions in the Nizam’s
dominions were given a holiday on the day.
Durru Shehvar was 18 at the time, and
significantly taller than her husband of 25, Azam Jah. Her father-in-law, the
Nizam loved pointing out how much taller she was than his son, at their
parties.
The Princess became the first woman to
inaugurate an airport when she inaugurated the airport in Hyderabad in the
1940s. She is also credited with inaugurating the Osmania General Hospital.She
set up the Durru Shehvar Children’s & General Hospital for women and
children in the old city of Hyderabad.
She was subject to immense
attention and adulation in the 1930s. “Jab woh paan khaati thi, toh halak se
jaata hua dikhta tha (When she swallowed a paan, you could see it going down
her throat!).reminisces a friend’s grandmother of the princess.
Following
the birth of her sons Prince Mukarram Jah in 1934 and Prince Muffakham Jah in
1939, she took charge of their upbringing, the two princes being educated in
Britain but got them married to Turkish ladies. The last Nizam- (Mir Osman Ali
Khan) later bypassed his own son and nominated her first son and his grandson,
as his successor.
Her marriage
“mismatched” in every sense, “She was 5’10″, her husband was 5
‘3″. She brought with her a completely cosmopolitan life, while most of
Hyderabad was still under purdah.
She was of impeccable lineage
but her family had very little money, and it was a typical rags-to-riches
story. She knew of her husband’s 50 concubines but carried herself regally.”
Her
marriage was not exactly a fairytale ending.
Her marriage “mismatched” in every
sense, “She was 5’10″, her husband was 5 ‘3″. She brought with her a
completely cosmopolitan life, while most of Hyderabad was still under purdah.
Perhaps this excerpt of a 1931 article in
Time magazine, reporting on their wedding, can offer a hint. The Crown Prince Azam
Jah,stated his views on marriage thus:
‘I
like horses. They are more dependable than women. If a horse throws you it will
stand by until you get on your feet.’ Nevertheless Crown Prince Azam Jah obeyed
his father’s orders to marry last week.” It does sound a bit ominous, doesn’t
it?
It was very difficult for her to adjust to
the very conservative Muslim culture that permeated Hyderabad at the time.But
she never went into purdah. There were also rumors at the time that the Nizam’s
senior wife Dulhan Pasha wanted to poison her.
Relations
between Azam Jah (her husband) and his brother Moazzam Jah were also strained.
She always thought Hyderabad could never equal the Ottoman culture, and many
Hyderabadis thought she looked down on them.”
Durru Shehvar knew of her husband’s 50
concubines but carried herself regally. However, there was a great gulf between
the Princess and the Prince, Azam Jah and their marriage fell apart within few
years.
It is an
irony that when she was born, her father, the Caliph was the head of all the
Muslims in the world; but was overthrown and sent away in exile.
After the divorce, Durru Shehvar stayed in
Hyderabad for some years, and then moved to London, where she died in 2006,
aged 93, with her two sons by her side. (Her ex-husband Azam Jah, had passed
away in 1970, aged 63.). After her
husband’s death,she divided her time between Hyderabad and London.
Each time she returned to Hyderabad for a
visit, she attracted big crowds. She always remained a superstar, fondly
remembered and frequently written about in the Indian press.
activity of Durru Shehvar in Hyderabad
The Nizam called her his precious Jewel
(Nagina) and encouraged her to participate actively in Hyderabad’s social life.
In Hyderabad, Durru Shehvar soon identified
herself with the people. With a great passion for providing health care and
education for common people, she set up a general and children’s hospital in
Purani Haveli, which still runs in her name.
A Junior College for girls in Yakutpura,
Bagh-e-Jahanara, is also run on the funds she provided. Durru Shehvar also laid
the foundation stone of the Begum pet Airport building in 1936. Until then a
small strip at Hakimpet served as the airport for Hyderabad.
She inaugurated the Ajmal Khan
Tibbiya College Hospital in Aligarh Muslim University (AMU).
She
ensured her sons, Prince Mukarram Jah and Prince Muffakam Jah, received the
best possible western education in Europe and married Turkish brides, as she
desired. Mukarram studied in Eton, where India’s first prime minister,
Jawaharlal Nehru had earlier studied.
Durru Shehvar was fluent in French, English,
Turkish and Urdu and even contributed articles to French magazines. She
believed that women should earn their own living and worked hard to remove the
practice of purdah.
She was upset about Turkish
Government’s attitude against her family members after declaration of the
republic. Despite being a member of Ottoman royal family she refused to be
buried in Turkey since she was upset that the Turkish Government refused in
1944 her father’s burial in Istanbul.
Princess
Durru Shehvar, after shifting permanently to London, frequented the city. Her
last visit to the city was in 2004, two years before she passed away in London
at the age of 92. With her death, ended a glorious chapter of Hyderabad.
The End
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